Assist. Prof. Dr. Mohammed Ibrahim Khalil holds a Bachelor's degree in Biology from the University of Salahaddin, a Master of Science (M.Sc.) in Plant Physiology from the University of Sulaimani, and a Ph.D. in Plant Biology from Southern Illinois University Carbondale (SIUC), Illinois, USA. His academic and research interests are centered around plant physiology, biology, and the advancement of higher education.